ABSTRACT This work aims to relate the stages of digitalization of Argentine and Brazilian industrial firms to their perception of how adopting digital technologies affect the labor market concerning job creation and demanded workforce skills. We used the information obtained in recent original field surveys conducted in both countries. The results show a positive correlation between adopting more advanced digital solutions and expectations of job creation in both countries. They also point out the need to further develop workers’ social skills and human-machine interaction. The study suggests that the expected growth of companies in their respective markets due to the adoption of digital technologies determines the relationship between those and employment at the firm level. countries workers humanmachine human machine interaction level

RESUMO El objetivo principal de este estudio es relacionar estadios de digitalización en empresas industriales argentinas y brasileñas con la percepción del impacto de la adopción en dos dimensiones del mercado laboral: la creación de empleo y las habilidades requeridas en la demanda de trabajadores. Para ello, se utiliza la información obtenida en encuestas originales y recientes realizadas en ambos países. Los resultados muestran una asociación positiva entre la adopción de soluciones digitales más avanzadas y una perspectiva de creación de empleo en ambos países, así como una necesidad cada vez mayor de desarrollar las habilidades sociales y la interacción hombre-máquina de los trabajadores. El estudio sugiere que el crecimiento esperado de las empresas en sus respectivos mercados debido a la adopción de tecnologías digitales determina la relación de éstas con el empleo en el nivel de la empresa. laboral trabajadores ello países hombremáquina hombre máquina empresa

ABSTRACT This article investigates patterns of digital technologies’ adoption by industrial firms of selected developing countries, namely: Argentina, Brazil, Ghana, Thailand, and Vietnam. The objective is to identify inter and intra countries’ similarities and differences in terms of digital adoption, and understand how this distribution is leading to digital heterogeneities thus reinforcing the well-entrenched structural heterogeneity prevailing in these economies. The analysis is based on surveys carried out between 2017 and 2019 that covered a panel of 1,212 firms of varied sizes and industries. The evidence shows that most firms are currently adopting a low level of digitalization and have a positive expectation for the future even with a low level of readiness. The larger and technology intensive firms are, the higher the probability of firms being digitally progressive. These results suggest an increase of inter and intra countries’ asymmetries in digital adoption, bringing the emergence of digital heterogeneities.

ABSTRACT This paper aims to identify the main factors affecting the adoption of digital technologies for a panel of 299 Brazilian industrial firms surveyed in 2017 and 2019/20. A probabilistic model is used to estimate the likelihood of certain organizational, technological, and environmental characteristics of the firms affecting digital adoption in the two survey periods. The study reveals that digital adoption has advanced but still is at an infant stage in Brazil. The econometric results point out that current adoption, size, belonging to high digital intensity industries, being an exporter, and training the workforce have a significant positive effect on digital adoption. However, skills qualification has a negative effect, suggesting that qualification on previous technologies can be more a constraint than a pre-requisite for digitalization. One must interpret such findings against growth-adverse, investment-hostile economic framework conditions where firms can react in any given direction: move forward to survive, stay put to face uncertainty, and/or backtrack defensively.